Which equation best represents the accounting equation for shareholders' equity?

The accounting equation for shareholders' equity states that the total assets of a company are equal to the sum of its liabilities and stockholders' equity. This fundamental principle is the backbone of double-entry accounting and reflects the relationship between a company’s resources (assets), what it owes (liabilities), and the ownership interest of the shareholders (equity).

In this context, shareholders' equity represents the residual interest in the assets of the business after deducting liabilities. This means that if all liabilities were settled, the remaining assets would belong to the shareholders. Therefore, the equation correctly captures this relationship by positioning stockholders' equity alongside liabilities in the formula.

Understanding this equation is crucial, as it highlights the financial position of the company and is essential for preparing financial statements like the balance sheet. It also underscores the idea that the claims of creditors (liabilities) and owners (equity) must total the value of the company’s resources (assets), maintaining the balance inherent in the accounting system.